圆柱瘤基因(CYLD gene)是一种肿瘤抑制基因,其突变或者缺失可导致圆柱瘤、毛发上皮瘤、Brooke-Spiegler综合征等病变。目前其分子结构已经研究清楚,但其编码的去泛素化蛋白酶CYLD蛋白的功能却未完全清楚。CYLD蛋白是一种去泛素化酶。CYLD蛋白的N末端主要功能是参与微管微丝的运动与调节。其C末端主要功能却是通过去泛素化各种蛋白的泛素化链,抑制核因子κB(NF-κB)活化,从而调节细胞的生存与肿瘤的发生。同时发现,CYLD蛋白还参与调节肿瘤坏死因子、缺糖缺氧等诱导的凋亡。因此,概述CYLD蛋白的结构与功能可为脑缺血再灌注损伤提供新的治疗靶点。 The CYLD gene is a tumor suppressor gene whose mutations or deletions can lead to lesions such as cylindroma, hair mesothelioma, and Brooke-Spiegler syndrome. At present its molecular structure has been studied clearly, but the function of its encoded de-ubiquitin protease CYLD protein is not fully understood. The CYLD protein is a deubiquitinating enzyme. The main function of the N-terminal of CYLD protein is to participate in the movement and regulation of microtubules. Its C-terminal main function is through the ubiquitination of a variety of protein ubiquitination chain, inhibition of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) activation, thereby regulating cell survival and tumorigenesis. Also found that, CYLD protein is also involved in the regulation of tumor necrosis factor, hypoxia and hypoxia induced apoptosis. Therefore, an overview of the structure and function of CYLD protein may provide a new therapeutic target for cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.