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SF6是气体绝缘设备的最主要绝缘介质,自由金属微粒缺陷极易诱发其发生绝缘故障,不同金属元素微粒对SF6绝缘性能的影响研究上存在空白,导致设备关键区域金属材料的选择以及微粒类型的识别等方面研究缺乏理论和实验支撑.为此,该文首次结合实验结果、机理分析和仿真计算对不同类型自由金属微粒对SF6绝缘特性的影响进行了研究.结果表明:自由金属微粒会导致SF6击穿电压出现明显的下降.随着微粒数的增多,击穿电压的下降程度降低;电极间距越小,自由金属微粒对气隙的影响就越大;相同微粒数下,铜和铝微粒对SF6绝缘性能的影响相近且明显大于铁微粒.相关结论对SF6绝缘设备内部不同自由金属微粒诱发绝缘故障的成因以及对金属微粒类型和数目的检测均具有指导作用.“,”Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6)is the most important insulating medium of gas insulated equipment, and the defect of free metal particle is very easy to cause insulation failure. There is no research about the effect of different metal element particles on the SF6 insulation performance, leading to the lack of theoretical and experimental support for the selection of metallic materials and identification of the type of particles in the equipment. For that reason, based on the experimental results, mechanism analysis and simulation, the paper studied the influence of different types of free metal particles on the insulation characteristics of SF6. The results show that the free metal particles can lead to a significant decrease in the breakdown voltage of SF6. With the increase in the number of particles, the degree of decline in the breakdown voltage is reduced; The smaller the electrode spacing, the greater the effect of free metal particles on the gas gap; The effect of copper and aluminum particles on SF6insulation properties is similar under the same particle number, and is obviously larger than that of iron particles. The related conclusions have a guiding role for exploring causation of different free metal particles in the SF6 insulation equipment and detecting the type and number of metal particles in practical application.