在内燃机的磨耗件方面,铸件已经并将继续获得广泛的应用。然而有这样一种趋势,即随着对内燃机关键部件要求的提高,对铸件所提出的技术要求也日益苛刻,迫切要求所使用的零部件具有摩擦力小,磨损寿命长、较好的高温稳定性以及重量轻等特性。经过适当增强并(或)对表面给以处理的轻金属将会得到更广泛地使用。但是,铸铁和钢作为更为传统的材料必将在今后的许多年中继续被广泛使用,特别是在表面强化处理技术已经普遍使用的今天,这一点更是毫无异议。从目前已有的资料来看,表面处理技术的应用在欧洲大陆和日本比在英国更为普遍。磨损的发生具有许多不同的机理,每一种都需有各自相应的措施来加以对付。对于发动机来说,有时好几种不同的机理,每一种都需有各自相应的措施来加以对付。对于发动机来说,有时好几种不同机理的磨损同时发生,并且有可能与腐蚀结合在一起,这种现象会因润滑油和燃烧产物的原因而加剧。因此,对铸件的成分和金相结构加以优化,并由此而获得铸件最佳机械和热性能是极其重要的,随着可供选择的材料品种的增加,关键的问题是在解决材料的经济性问题的时候,绝对不能危及获得应有的技术性能。在改善活塞、活塞环、缸套、凸轮和挺杆的发展领域中,铸造工业已经居于领先地位,然而要继续保持这一地位,铸造业必须与表面处理和强化处理方面的技术发展保持并驾齐驱,从而获得优良的材料性能,满足八十年代以及今后时期的内燃机需要。 Castings have been and will continue to be widely used in the area of ​​wear parts for internal combustion engines. However, there is a tendency that as the requirements for key components of an internal combustion engine increase, the technical requirements for castings have become increasingly stringent. The use of components is urgently required to have low friction, long wear life, and high temperature stability Sex and light weight and other characteristics. Light metals that have been properly enhanced and / or surface-treated will be more widely used. However, as a more traditional material, cast iron and steel are bound to continue to be widely used for many years to come, and there is no objection to this, especially in the days when surface-enhanced treatment technologies are commonly used. From the available information, the application of surface treatment technology is more common in Europe and Japan than in the UK. There are many different mechanisms for the occurrence of wear and tear, each with its own corresponding measures to deal with. There are sometimes several different mechanisms for the engine, each of which requires its own corresponding measures to deal with it. For the engine, sometimes wear occurs several different mechanisms simultaneously, and may be combined with corrosion, this phenomenon may be due to the lubricating oil and combustion products exacerbated. Therefore, it is extremely important to optimize the composition and microstructure of the castings and thus to obtain the optimum mechanical and thermal properties of the castings. As the number of alternative materials increases, the key issue is to solve the problem of the economy of the material Sexual issues must not be jeopardized for obtaining the proper technical performance. The foundry industry has taken the lead in improving the development of pistons, piston rings, cylinder liners, cams and tappets. However, to continue this position, the foundry industry must keep pace with technological developments in surface treatment and strengthening, Resulting in excellent material properties that meet the needs of internal combustion engines in the 1980s and beyond.