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目的了解龙岩市2012-2014年流感病毒毒株变化特点和流行特征,为该市流感防控工作提供科学依据。方法通过中国流感监测信息系统统计龙岩市2家哨点监测医院流感样病例数据,采用实时荧光定量PCR法进行核酸检测,并用MDCK传代细胞进行病毒分离培养,阳性毒株用红细胞凝集抑制试验(HI)进行病毒亚型鉴定。结果2012-2014年龙岩市共采集流感样病例(ILI)标本4 742份,经核酸检出阳性629份,阳性率为13.26%。其中新甲型H1N1占34.50%,甲型H3N2占36.41%,B型占28.30%,甲未分型占0.80%。标本经MDCK细胞分离培养,共检出阳性349份,阳性率为7.36%。其中新甲型占30.95%,甲型H3N2占42.41%,Bvictoria占21.20%,Byamagate占5.44%。2012年以甲型H3N2和B型共同流行为主,2013-2014年以新甲型H1N1流行为主,交替出现H3N2流行。三年来不同年龄组毒株检出的阳性率以5岁以下组最高,占32.09%;其次为5~14岁组(20.63%)和25~59岁组(26.36%)。结论流感毒株亚型的流行具有一定的季节性,主要在冬春季和夏秋季较为活跃,以儿童和青少年为主,应加强流感的监测和疾病防控。
Objective To understand the characteristics and epidemiological characteristics of influenza virus strains in Longyan City from 2012 to 2014 and provide a scientific basis for influenza prevention and control in this city. Methods Flu samples were collected from 2 sentinel surveillance hospitals in Longyan City through the Chinese Influenza Surveillance Information System. The nucleic acids were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. The MDCK subculture cells were used for virus isolation and culture. The positive strains were detected by hemagglutination inhibition (HI ) For virus subtype identification. Results A total of 4 742 influenza-like illness cases (ILI) were collected from 2012 to 2014 in Longyan City, 629 positive samples were detected by nucleic acid. The positive rate was 13.26%. Among them, new type A H1N1 account for 34.50%, type A H3N2 36.41%, type B 28.30% and type A 0.80%. The specimens were isolated and cultured by MDCK cells, a total of 349 positive, a positive rate of 7.36%. Among them, new type A accounted for 30.95%, type A H3N2 42.41%, Bvictoria 21.20% and Byamagate 5.44%. The prevalence of H3N2 and B type co-epidemics in 2012 was mainly Influenza A (H3N2) epidemic in 2013-2014. The positive rate of the virus in different age groups in three years was the highest (32.09%) under the age of 5, followed by the group of 5 to 14 years (20.63%) and the age group of 25 to 59 (26.36%). Conclusion The prevalence of influenza virus subtypes is seasonal. It is mainly active in winter, spring, summer and autumn, mainly children and adolescents. Influenza surveillance and disease control should be strengthened.