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通过分析氧枪喷头外管破裂的形式、断口形貌、微观组织,讨论了外管的温度场分布,热疲劳裂纹产生的机理和冷却水的流动状态。结果表明,氧枪喷头结构设计、加工工艺造成冷却水在A处产生旋涡,形成环状的膜态沸腾,恶化传热效果,导致氧枪喷头产生横向断裂。提出降低表面粗糙度、消除旋涡冷却、保持外管表面的轧制组织等措施可有效防止外管横裂。
By analyzing the rupture pattern, the fracture morphology and the microstructure of the outer tube of oxygen lance nozzle, the temperature field distribution of the outer tube, the mechanism of the thermal fatigue crack and the flow of cooling water are discussed. The results show that the structural design and processing of oxygen lance nozzle cause the cooling water to generate vortex at A and form ring-shaped membrane boiling, which deteriorates the heat transfer effect and leads to transverse rupture of oxygen lance nozzle. Proposed to reduce the surface roughness, eliminate vortex cooling, maintaining the outer surface of the rolling organization and other measures can effectively prevent the outer tube transverse rupture.