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目的:分析麻疹流行病学特征,为制定有效防制策略提供科学依据。方法:对北京市房山区2005～2007年麻疹疫情资料进行分析。结果:2005～2007年全区麻疹年均发病率为10.67/10万,以2006年发病率最高,2007年发病率又有所下降。年龄主要集中在<5岁组和>30岁组,分别占总病例数的41.39%和21.85%,发病年龄呈双向移位现象。职业以散居儿童和学生为主。全部病例中无麻疹免疫史和免疫史不详者占总病例数的84.11%。以3～5月为高发季节,占总病例数的65.15%。病例主要集中在人口密集、流动人口聚集的乡镇。结论:麻疹免疫空白仍然是麻疹发病的主要原因。提高麻疹接种率,消除免疫空白仍是当前工作重点。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles and provide a scientific basis for formulating effective prevention and control strategies. Methods: The epidemic situation data of measles in Fangshan District of Beijing from 2005 to 2007 were analyzed. Results: The annual average incidence of measles in 2005 ~ 2007 was 10.67 / 100 000, with the highest incidence in 2006 and a slight decrease in incidence in 2007. The age mainly concentrated in <5 years old group and> 30 years old group, accounting for 41.39% and 21.85% of the total number of cases, respectively. The age of onset showed a bidirectional shift phenomenon. Occupation of scattered children and students mainly. No measles immunization history and no history of immunization in all cases accounted for 84.11% of the total number of cases. March to May as the season of high incidence, accounting for 65.15% of the total number of cases. Cases are mainly concentrated in densely populated, floating population of towns and villages. Conclusion: Measles immune blank is still the main reason for measles. Increasing the measles vaccination rate and eliminating the immune blanket are still the focus of current work.