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目的了解重庆市主城区中小学生体型自我评价与减肥行为的关系,为促进中小学生健康成长提供理论依据。方法采用分层随机整群抽样方法,从重庆市抽取2个主城区12所学校的8 089名中小学生,进行体格检查和问卷调查。结果重庆市主城区男生超重肥胖率(25.7%)高于女生(14.6%)。中小学生自我体型评价与BMI评价一致性较差(Kappa=0.311),尤其是女生的一致性更差(Kappa=0.274)。控制年级、年龄等协变量后,不同男、女生BMI评价分组与减肥行为之间存在统计学关联(P值均<0.05);引入自我评价后,实际超重肥胖男生与改善饮食的关联强度从2.73倍下降为1.60倍,与增加运动的关联强度从2.84倍下降为1.47倍,实际超重肥胖女生与改善饮食的关联强度从2.74倍降为1.46倍,与增加运动的关联强度从2.18倍降为1.66倍。BMI分组与体重控制行为的关联强度明显下降。结论部分中小学生不能客观评价自我体型。
Objective To understand the relationship between self-evaluation and weight-loss behaviors of primary and secondary school students in primary urban area in Chongqing and to provide a theoretical basis for promoting the healthy growth of primary and secondary school students. Methods A stratified random cluster sampling method was used to collect 8 089 primary and secondary school students from 12 schools in two main urban districts from Chongqing for physical examination and questionnaire survey. Results The prevalence of overweight and obesity among boys in main urban area of Chongqing was higher than that of girls (25.7%) (14.6%). The consistency of self-rating and BMI of primary and secondary school students was poor (Kappa = 0.311), especially for girls (Kappa = 0.274). After controlling for covariates such as grade and age, there was a significant correlation between the BMI assessment group and weight-loss behavior among boys and girls (P <0.05). After the self-evaluation, the correlation between the actual overweight and obesity boys and diet improved from 2.73 Fold decreased to 1.60 times, increased association with increased exercise decreased from 2.84 times to 1.47 times, the actual overweight obese girls and improve the diet associated strength decreased from 2.74 times 1.46 times, increased exercise associated strength decreased from 2.18 to 1.66 Times The strength of association between BMI group and weight control behavior decreased significantly. Conclusion Some primary and secondary school students can not objectively evaluate the self-body type.