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数学是研究现实世界数量关系如空间形式的科学。小学数学内容包括“数”和“形”两个部分,其中‘形”就是指几何初步知识,几何初步知识是小学数学的主要内容之一。它要求教师通过对几何图形最基础知识的教学,使学生逐步形成简单几何形体的形状、大小和相互关系的表象,能够识别所学的几何形体,并能根据几何形体的名称再现它们的表象,培养初步空间观念,为提高空间想象能力奠定基础。
Mathematics is a science that studies the quantitative relations of the real world, such as the form of space. Primary mathematics includes two parts: “number” and “form”, of which “shape” refers to geometric preliminary knowledge and elementary geometry knowledge is one of the main contents of elementary mathematics.It requires teachers to teach the most basic knowledge of geometry, It enables students to gradually form the appearance of simple geometric shapes, sizes and interrelations, to recognize the geometrical bodies they learn and to reproduce their appearances according to the names of the geometric bodies, to develop preliminary spatial concepts and to lay the foundation for enhancing spatial imagination.