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目的探讨噪声暴露对作业场所工人听力损失的影响。方法采用横断面调查,对惠州市直属五金、印刷、食品、电子等行业8个工厂进行噪声作业场所调查,并对噪声作业工人进行职业卫生调查及纯音听力测定。另选择相应办公室不接触噪声的职工164人作为对照组。结果听力损失率随着接触噪声的工龄增加而增高,随着接触噪声强度的增加,呈现出明显的时间剂量-反应关系。听力损失率接触毒物和噪声组明显高于噪声组(P<0.05)。结论噪声强度、接噪工龄是影响作业工人听力的主要因素,毒物与噪声联合作用加重听力损害。
Objective To investigate the effect of noise exposure on hearing loss of workers at work sites. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted to investigate the noise workplaces of 8 factories directly under the hardware, printing, food and electronics industries in Huizhou City. Occupational health surveys and pure tone audiometry were conducted on noise-exposed workers. Another 164 people who choose no noise from the corresponding office as control group. Results The hearing loss rate increased with the increase of service life of contact noise. With the increase of contact noise intensity, a significant dose-response relationship was observed. Hearing loss exposure to poisons and noise was significantly higher in the noise group (P <0.05). Conclusion The noise intensity and the noise construction duration are the main factors that affect the hearing ability of workers. The combination of poison and noise aggravates the hearing impairment.