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目的探讨乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)孕妇注射高效价乙肝免疫球蛋白预防母婴HBV垂直感染效果。方法选取深圳市龙岗中心医院收治的80例HBs Ag阳性孕妇,分为对照组和观察组。观察组孕妇所生新生儿出生后24 h内接受1次肌肉注射高效价乙肝免疫球蛋白(100 IU)和乙肝疫苗。对照组HBV感染孕妇在孕28周、32周和36周肌注乙肝免疫球蛋白(分别200 IU)。观察比较两组孕妇所生产新生儿HBV感染率。结果观察组新生儿HBV感染率为2.5%,对照组新生儿HBV感染率为5%,但差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.35,P>0.05)。结论新生儿出生后24 h注射高效价乙肝免疫球蛋白联合乙肝疫苗预防HBV感染孕妇垂直传染具有良好效果。
Objective To investigate the effect of hepatitis B virus (HBV) injection in pregnant women with high titer of hepatitis B immunoglobulin in preventing vertical infection of HBV between mother and baby. Methods Eighty HBsAg-positive pregnant women admitted to Shenzhen Longgang Central Hospital were selected and divided into control group and observation group. In the observation group, newborn infants born to pregnant women received intramuscular injection of high titer hepatitis B immunoglobulin (100 IU) and hepatitis B vaccine within 24 hours after birth. Pregnant women with HBV infection in the control group were intramuscularly injected with hepatitis B immunoglobulin at the gestational weeks of 28, 32 and 36 weeks (200 IU respectively). The incidence of neonatal HBV infection was observed and compared between two groups of pregnant women. Results The neonatal HBV infection rate was 2.5% in the observation group and 5% in the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 0.35, P> 0.05). Conclusion Newborns injected with high titer hepatitis B immunoglobulin combined with hepatitis B vaccine 24 h after birth can prevent the vertical transmission of HBV infection in pregnant women with good results.