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本研究以北疆几个棉花品种（系）为材料，研究高产棉花光合速率（ＣＡＰ，Ｐｎ）日进程与影响因素的关系，结果表明盛花盛铃期随光合辐射量（ＰＡＲ）增加到１５００μＥ２·ｓ－１、叶温升高到３７．１℃，Ｐｎ的日进程加快且增强，１０：００～１４：００达最大值４５．３～４８．９ｍｇＣＯ２·ｄｍ－２ｈ－１，Ｐｎ较高水平维持时间长达６～８ｈ。棉田空气相对温度（ＲＨ）、ＣＯ２浓度日变化呈现较稳定的两头高中间低的特点。土壤含水量对棉花的群体光合速率（ＣＡＰ）的日进程影响最大，系５５０品系花铃中后期土壤干旱，ＣＡＰ比适期灌水低，系５５０的ＣＡＰ降低９．２６％～５１．２８％，８２２降低９．７９％～４５．７１％，中后干旱型棉花８２２的ＣＡＰ降低幅度大于系５５０，降低８．０６％～６３．７７％。两个品系的产量分别下降４４．５９％，３５．３６％，水的利用率减少０．１７４，０．１２８ｋｇ·ｍ－３。说明棉花花铃中后期土壤干旱会严重地抑制群体叶面积扩展，ＣＡＰ迅速降低，限制棉叶光合“源”的增强，光合“库”的扩大，８２２对土壤干旱的反应更加敏感。
In this study, the relationships between the diurnal variation of photosynthetic rate (CAP, Pn) and its influencing factors in several cotton cultivars (lines) in northern Xinjiang were studied. The results showed that the photosynthetic radiation (PAR) increased to 1500μE2 s-1, leaf temperature increased to 37.1 ℃, the daily process of Pn accelerated and enhanced, reached the maximum value of 45.3 ~ 48.9mgCO2 · dm-2h-1 from 10:00 to 14:00, Pn higher level maintenance time Up to 6 ~ 8h. Cotton field air relative humidity (RH), diurnal variation of CO2 concentration showed a more stable two high middle low characteristics. The soil moisture had the greatest effect on the daily diurnal variation of cotton’s photosynthetic rate (CAP). Soil in the mid-late flowering stage of the 550 strain was characterized by low soil water content, lower CAP than irrigation at the appropriate period, and a CAP reduction of 9.26% -51.28% 822 decreased by 9.79% -45.71%. The CAP reduction of middle-arid and drought-tolerant cotton 822 was greater than that of line 550 and decreased by 8.06% -63.77%. The yield of the two lines decreased by 44.59% and 35.36% respectively, while the water utilization rate decreased by 0.174 and 0.128 kg · m-3. The results showed that soil drought in the late stage of cotton bollwill severely inhibited the expansion of leaf area of the population. CAP decreased rapidly, which restrained the increase of photosynthetic “source” and photosynthetic “sink” of cotton leaf. Response of 822 to soil drought was more sensitive.