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目的探讨大鼠运动机能随增龄的变化规律,以及运动对高龄大鼠运动机能的改善作用。方法对26月龄、8月龄和2月龄SD大鼠进行为期2周的中等强度跑台运动干预,测定大鼠运动前后前肢拉力、耐力、躯体向上活动能力及极限速度4个机能指标,进行对比分析。结果 126月龄大鼠组的前肢拉力、耐力、躯体向上活动能力、极限速度均显著低于8月龄组和2月龄组,且后3个指标呈现增龄性下降;226月龄和8月龄组的前肢拉力运动后高于运动前,8月龄组和2月龄组的躯体向上活动能力运动后高于运动前;3运动干预前后4项指标的运动机能总评分进行比较,26月龄组运动后显著高于运动前。结论大鼠的前肢拉力、耐力、躯体向上活动能力及极限速度等4项运动机能指标呈增龄性下降,可作为大鼠运动机能的衰老指标。中等强度的跑台运动能显著改善高龄大鼠总运动机能的下降。
Objective To investigate the changes of motor function with aging in rats and the effects of exercise on the motor function of the aged rats. Methods 26-month-old, 8-month-old and 2-month-old SD rats were subjected to moderate-intensity treadmill exercise for two weeks. Four indexes of mechanical performance, including the ability of frontal pull and endurance, For comparative analysis. Results The ability of lifting, endurance, physical activity and ultimate velocity of forelimb of 126-month-old rats were significantly lower than those of 8-month-old and 2-month-old rats. The activities of the upper limbs of the month-old group were higher than those before the exercise, and the activities of the upper body of the 8-month-old group and the 2-month-old group were higher than those before the exercise. The total score of the motor function scores of the 4 indexes before and after the exercise were compared. Month-old group was significantly higher than before exercise. Conclusion The four indexes of motor function, such as the ability of the front limbs of the rats to pull, endurance, the capacity of the upper body and the limit speed of the rats, showed an age-related decline, which could be used as the index of senescence of motor function in rats. Moderate treadmill exercise can significantly improve the decline of total motor in elderly rats.