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我国北方的耕地,有30％以上属于低产田,这部分耕地的增产潜力很大,但长期以来人们把物资、资金、劳力、技术等主要部分投放到仅占30％左右的高产田上,而忽视了增产潜力大的低产田。要加速农业的发展,当前增加农业投入的重点应是中、低产田,因为中低产田能够充分发挥现有生产技术条件,获得较大的产出。本文从黑龙港流域的衡水地区实际出发,对中低产田的改良措施及效果进行探讨。该区共有土地面积1320万亩,其中可耕地为961万亩,中低产田780万亩,有180万亩不同程度的盐碱地。该区土壤有机质含量分布:0.6—1.0％的耕地占71％,小于0.6％的6.7％,大于1.0％的占22.3％。土壤贫脊、盐碱是制约农业生产发展的主要因素。因此,当前重要的工作是治理盐碱、改良土壤、提高土壤养分,最重要、最有可行性、效率最高、最有普遍意义的措施就是机械化秸秆还田技术。几年来,该区共
Over 30% of arable land in the northern part of our country belongs to low-yielding fields. This part of cultivated land has great potentials for increasing production. However, for a long time, people have put major parts such as materials, capital, labor and technology into only about 30% of high-yield fields, neglecting Productivity potential of large areas of low-yielding fields. To speed up the development of agriculture, the current emphasis on increasing agricultural input should be medium and low-yielding fields because low and middle-yielding fields can give full play to the existing technical conditions for production and obtain larger output. Based on the actual situation of Hengshui in Heilongjiang River Basin, this paper discusses the improvement measures and effects of middle and low yield farmland. The total land area of 1320 mu, of which 961 acres of arable land, 780 million mu of low-yielding fields, 180 mu of varying degrees of saline land. The distribution of soil organic matter content in this area: cultivated land of 0.6-1.0% accounted for 71%, less than 0.6% of 6.7%, more than 1.0% accounted for 22.3%. Soil ridge, saline-alkali is the main factor restricting the development of agricultural production. Therefore, the most important and most important measure at present is to treat salt and alkali, improve soil and increase soil nutrients. The most important and most feasible measure with the highest efficiency is the most common measure of mechanized straw returning. Over the past few years, the district a total of