通过对清代文献资料的梳理及首博馆藏私铸铜元的分析,对清末私铸方式及币材、人员组成及清政府采取措施等问题进行初步探讨。研究显示,清末私铸铜元现象盛行,私铸者多是地方官绅、恶霸及中外商人等。私铸方式主要有机制法、范铸和手工打制法等,其中多数私铸者采用机制法造币,以铜饼、铜片等为币材,造币效率较高。清末,私铸铜元数量庞大,不仅冲击了币制,而且对社会经济生活产生了较大影响。 Through the sorting out of the literature materials in Qing dynasty and the analysis of private bronze coins collected in the first museum, this paper discusses the ways of personal casting, currency, personnel and measures adopted by the Qing government in the late Qing dynasty. Research shows that the phenomenon of private ownership of copper coins prevailed in the late Qing Dynasty. Mostly private smugglers were local gentry, bully and Chinese and foreign businessmen. Private casting methods are the main mechanism, Fan Casting and hand-made law, etc., most of them private mechanism using the method of coinage to copper cake, copper and other coins, higher coinage efficiency. In the late Qing Dynasty, the huge amount of private cast copper not only impacted the currency system, but also had a great impact on social and economic life.