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根据置換反应中断鍵与成鍵时的电子性能,一般可将置換反应分为亲核的、亲电的与均裂的三种类型。对于飽和碳原子的亲核性置換反应的了解,由于英果尔德(Ingold)等学派在三十年代和四十年代间的努力,現在可說已大致清楚了,但对于飽和碳原子上的亲电性取代反应則了解得很不够。关于前者,我們可以举出很多出色的总結,关于后者,則仅見到列烏托夫在1961年发表的一篇,其中主要是介紹湼斯米揚諾夫和他本人的工作。在作者准备本文时,国外杂志才又发表了另外两篇。虽然早在1935年英果尔德和休斯就认为亲
According to the replacement reaction interrupt key and the bond when the electronic performance, the general replacement reaction can be divided into nucleophilic, electrophilic and are split three types. As for the understanding of the nucleophilic displacement of saturated carbon atoms, since the efforts of Ingold et al. Between the 1930s and the 1940s are now generally clear, Electrophilic substitution reactions are poorly understood. With regard to the former, we can cite many excellent summaries. Regarding the latter, we see only one of Reutov’s articles published in 1961, which mainly introduces Nesian-Ianov and his own work. When the author prepares this article, another two articles have been published in foreign magazines. Although England as early as 1935 and Hughes think pro