基于X射线衍射仪运行的稳定性和角度的精密控制能力,以平面季戊四醇(PET)晶体为样品,对晶体的积分衍射效率标定方法进行了实验研究。实验的光源是Cu靶X射线管,通过适当选取镍滤片和精细控制管电压,极大地抑制了Kβ线谱和韧致辐射,实现了Kα线能量单色化。正比计数器前端的狭缝是0.05mm,采用0.001°的步进角度对源强和Kα线衍射峰分别进行扫描。数据处理后得出在Cu的Kα线能点(8047.823eV)处,该平面PET晶体的积分衍射效率是(1.759±0.002)×10-4 rad。实验结果表明该方法可以在实验室条件下快速、方便地完成平面晶体积分衍射效率的标定。 Based on the precise control of the stability and angle of the X-ray diffractometer operation, a planar pentaerythritol (PET) crystal was taken as a sample to study the method of calibrating the integral diffraction efficiency of a crystal. The experimental light source is a Cu target X-ray tube. The Kα line spectrum and bremsstrahlung are greatly suppressed by proper selection of the nickel filter and the fine control of the tube voltage, which realizes the Kα line energy monochromatization. The slit at the front of the counter is 0.05 mm, and the source intensity and the Kα line diffraction peak are respectively scanned with a step angle of 0.001 °. After data processing, the integral diffraction efficiency of the planar PET crystal at the Kα line energy point of Cu (8047.823 eV) is (1.759 ± 0.002) × 10-4 rad. The experimental results show that this method can quickly and conveniently accomplish the calibration of the integral crystal diffraction efficiency under the laboratory conditions.