论文部分内容阅读
[目的]通过回顾性分析杭州市某区2011—2013年苯接触工人的职业健康检查资料,了解苯接触作业人群职业健康状况,并提出对策建议。[方法]以杭州市某区哨点监测的涉苯企业为对象,涉苯企业及员工的基本情况通过问卷调查的方式获得,工人健康检查资料由该区卫生监督所提供。2011—2013年3年中分别调查苯接触工人1 503、1506和1 511人,3年均参加职业健康检查的320人。主要观察的指标有体质指数、血压、尿常规以及血常规中红细胞、血红蛋白、白细胞、血小板。[结果]2011—2013年苯接触工人中有一项或一项以上指标异常者分别为457、522和491人。其中,体质指数异常率分别为20.76%、23.17%、23.23%;血压异常率分别为5.85%、14.87%、6.68%;尿常规异常率分别为0.86%、2.46%、0.99%;血常规异常率分别为6.39%、8.43%、6.82%;红细胞计数异常率分别为0.20%、0.27%、1.72%;血红蛋白计数异常率分别为0.13%、0.27%、0.53%;白细胞计数异常率分别为6.12%、8.17%、5.03%;血小板计数异常率分别为0.27%、0.07%、0.07%;3年中体质指数、血压、尿常规、红细胞计数和白细胞计数的异常率差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。连续3年进行健康检查的工人仅红细胞、白细胞计数异常率差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。[结论]杭州市该区苯接触工人的职业健康状况较为良好。企业应加强职业健康管理,员工本身应注意自身的健康状况,保持健康的生活方式。
[Objective] Through the retrospective analysis of occupational health examination data of benzene exposed workers in a district of Hangzhou during 2011-2013, the occupational health status of benzene exposed workers was analyzed and the countermeasures and suggestions were put forward. [Methods] The target enterprises involved in the sentinel surveillance in a certain area of Hangzhou were investigated. The basic information of enterprises and employees involved in benzene was obtained through questionnaire survey. The data of the workers’ health check were provided by the health supervision department in this area. During the three years from 2011 to 2013, 1,350,1506 and 1,511 workers were exposed to benzene and 320 workers participated in occupational health examinations for three years respectively. The main indicators observed body mass index, blood pressure, urine routine and blood in the red blood cells, hemoglobin, white blood cells, platelets. [Results] Among the benzene-exposed workers in 2011-2013, there were 457, 522, and 491 abnormalities in one or more indicators respectively. Among them, the abnormalities of body mass index were 20.76%, 23.17% and 23.23% respectively; the rates of abnormal blood pressure were 5.85%, 14.87% and 6.68% respectively; the abnormal rates of urine were 0.86%, 2.46% and 0.99% Respectively, 6.39%, 8.43% and 6.82% respectively; the abnormal rates of erythrocyte count were 0.20%, 0.27% and 1.72% respectively; the abnormalities of hemoglobin count were 0.13%, 0.27% and 0.53%; the abnormal rates of white blood cell count were 6.12% 8.17% and 5.03%, respectively. The abnormal rates of platelet count were 0.27%, 0. 07% and 0. 07% respectively. There were significant differences in BMI, blood pressure, urine routine, erythrocyte count and leukocyte count in 3 years ). Only three consecutive years of health examination workers only red blood cells, white blood cell count abnormalities were significantly different (P <0.05). [Conclusion] The occupational health status of benzene exposed workers in Hangzhou is relatively good. Enterprises should strengthen occupational health management, staff should pay attention to their own health, maintain a healthy lifestyle.