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目的比较新生儿监护病房(NICU)新生儿和出生正常新生儿听力筛查状况之间的差异,为进一步制定有效的干预和治疗措施提供依据。方法选取2006年2月至2009年5月儿科NICU新生儿201例为病例组,在其住院3~7d内予以听力筛查,未通过者均在出生后42d复查,仍没通过者出生后3个月再次复查。另选取同期出生正常的202例新生儿作为对照组,全部在生后42d予以听力筛查;未通过者出生后3个月复查。结果在出生后42d,NICU组单耳及双耳未通过的检出率(59.70‰,39.80‰)均高于对照组单耳及双耳的未通过检出率(19.80‰,4.95‰),差异有统计学意义(2χ=4.207,P<0.05;2χ=5.604,P<0.05)。在出生后3个月时,NICU组单耳及双耳未通过的检出率(34.83‰,34.83‰)也均高于对照组单耳及双耳的未通过检出率(4.95‰,4.95‰),差异有统计学意义(2χ=4.622,P<0.05;2χ=4.622,P<0.05)。结论NICU组新生儿听力筛查未通过率高于出生正常组新生儿,提示入住NICU的高危因素和(或)疾病因素可能会对新生儿听力功能产生损伤。儿科医生应重视NICU新生儿在出院前后的听力筛查工作,做到早期发现,早期干预,早期治疗。
Objective To compare the differences between neonatal NICU neonates and normal newborns with neonatal hearing screening and to provide basis for further effective intervention and treatment measures. Methods From February 2006 to May 2009, 201 pediatric NICU newborns were selected as case group, hearing screening was performed within 3 ~ 7 days of hospitalization, and those who failed were reviewed 42 days after birth. Review again months. Another 202 normal newborns born at the same period were chosen as the control group, all of them were screened for hearing at 42 days after birth; those who failed were reviewed 3 months after birth. Results At 42 days after birth, the unacceptable rates of single ear and binaural non-passing in NICU group (59.70 ‰, 39.80 ‰) were higher than those in control group (19.80 ‰, 4.95 ‰) The difference was statistically significant (2χ = 4.207, P <0.05; 2χ = 5.604, P <0.05). At 3 months after birth, the unacceptable rates (34.83 ‰, 34.83 ‰) in the ears and ears of the NICU group were also higher than those of the control group (4.95 ‰, 4.95 ‰, 4.95 ‰, ‰), the difference was statistically significant (2χ = 4.622, P <0.05; 2χ = 4.622, P <0.05). Conclusion The neonatal hearing screening rate in NICU group is higher than that in normal newborn group, suggesting that the risk factors and / or disease factors in NICU may impair the hearing function of neonates. Pediatricians should pay attention to NICU neonatal hearing screening before and after discharge, so that early detection, early intervention, early treatment.