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我们从1964—1972年,育成了我国第一批多倍体甜菜“双丰303”、双丰“304”新品种。它的工艺品质良好,适应性广,抗逆性强,单位面积产量及产糖量,比现有推广的二倍体品种,增加15％左右。四倍体甜菜的获得根据多倍体甜菜的育种目标,在一般情况下,要选择含糖率高,抗逆性强,有害氮少的优良二倍体为诱变材料。其诱变方法,以浸种法效果较好,用药量少,操作简单,处理量大。经过初步试验确定,浸种时间1—3天,秋水仙素浓度为0.2—0.3％。用秋水仙素处理的甜菜,组织肥厚,产生畸形,甚至局部死亡,因此,在诱变当代就可以从植株形态上加以鉴别。在花粉母细胞减数分裂时,镜检染色体数目,
From 1964 to 1972, we bred the first batch of polyploid beet “Shuangfeng 303” and Shuangfeng “304” new varieties in our country. Its good technological quality, wide adaptability, strong resistance, yield per unit area and sugar production than the current promotion of diploid varieties, an increase of about 15%. Tetraploid beet gain According to polyploid beet breeding objectives, under normal circumstances, to choose a high sugar content, strong resistance, less harmful nitrogen as a good material for the transformation of diploid. The mutagenesis method, soaking effect is better, less dosage, simple operation, large capacity. After preliminary tests to determine the soaking time 1-3 days, colchicine concentration of 0.2-0.3%. Beet treated with colchicine, tissue hypertrophy, deformity, and even local death, so in the mutagenesis can be identified from the plant morphology. Pollen mother cell meiosis, the number of microscopic examination,