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背景我国高血压患病率高,控制率低;社区干预是防治高血压的有效方法。目的了解职业人群中高血压健康教育干预的效果。方法采用整群抽样的方法,选取2008年8月在安徽省立医院健康体检中心体检的4个区81家企事业单位,对其中两个区41家单位599例高血压患者进行健康教育干预,另两区40家单位546例高血压患者作为对照,干预组定期进行单位健康宣教以及通过电话、短信平台进行个体化干预管理,随访1年。结果经过1年健康教育干预后,干预组高血压人群的高血压知晓率、治疗率和控制率明显上升(分别为80.8%比59.4%,53.4%比34.4%,34.4%比14.6%;均P<0.01);血压、三酰甘油和空腹血糖水平下降[分别为(139.7±13.0)/(89.2±9.3)比(141.8±15.3)/(92.7±11.2)mmHg,(2.0±1.2)比(2.1±1.5)mmol/L,(5.1±1.1)比(5.2±1.3)mmol/L;均P<0.01];饮酒检出率下降,体育锻炼人数增多,但吸烟及超重检出率变化无统计学意义。结论通过电话及短信方式对职业人群高血压患者进行健康教育干预,可积极有效地控制高血压。
Background High prevalence rate of hypertension in our country, control rate is low; community intervention is an effective method of prevention and treatment of hypertension. Objective To understand the effects of hypertension health education intervention in occupational population. Methods A cluster sampling method was used to select 81 enterprises and institutions in 4 districts in the Physical Examination Center of Anhui Provincial Hospital in August 2008 to conduct health education intervention on 599 hypertensive patients in 41 units in two districts. In the other two districts, there were 546 hypertensive patients in 40 units as control. The intervention group regularly conducted unit health education and individualized intervention management by phone and SMS platform for one year. Results After 1-year health education intervention, the awareness rate, treatment rate and control rate of hypertension in the intervention group were significantly increased (80.8% vs. 59.4%, 53.4% vs. 34.4%, 34.4% vs. 14.6%, respectively; P <0.01). The levels of blood pressure, triglyceride and fasting blood glucose decreased (139.7 ± 13.0) / (89.2 ± 9.3) vs (141.8 ± 15.3) / (92.7 ± 11.2) mmHg and (2.0 ± 1.2) ± 1.5) mmol / L, (5.1 ± 1.1) vs (5.2 ± 1.3) mmol / L, all P <0.01]. The detection rate of drinking alcohol decreased while the number of physical exercise increased but smoking and overweight detection rate had no statistical significance significance. Conclusions Health education intervention on hypertensive patients of occupational groups can effectively and effectively control hypertension by telephone and SMS.