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首都博物馆藏品中有明代司设监太监赵政墓出土的木腰牌和传世的“锦衣卫指挥使马顺”象牙腰牌。本文结合有关的明代符牌制度以及现存此类文物的实物资料,对这两件腰牌存在的问题试做分析,对它们的性质作出判断。赵政腰牌出土于墓葬中,形制、刻词均与《酌中志》中所记内官使用的象牙腰牌相符,但材质为木质而非象牙,由此判断此牌是一件明代私造的殉葬品,而不是官造的实用腰牌。马顺象牙腰牌的刻词和形制与明代文献记载中官方发放的各种牙牌均不符。通过与殉葬的赵政腰牌和伪造的明监察御史王抒象牙腰牌进行综合研究,可推断此牌是出于伪造的赝品。
Capital Museum collection of the Ming Dynasty Division eunuch Zhao eunuch unearthed wooden waist card and handed down “Jin Yiwei conductor Ma Shun ” ivory waist card. Combining with the related Ming Dynasty license system and the existing material of such artifacts, this paper tries to analyze the problems of the two waist cards and judge their nature. Zhao Zheng waist card excavated in the tomb, shape, carved words are consistent with the “ivory waist card” used by the insiders, but the material is wood rather than ivory, judging from this card is a Ming Dynasty Made of sacrificial objects, rather than the official made a practical Yao card. Horse along the ivory waist card engraving and shape and the Ming Dynasty documented in the official release of all kinds of dental card does not match. Through a comprehensive study with Zhao Zhengyuan and the Forged Ming Dynasty Censor Ivory card, it can be inferred that the card was forged.