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从现行集体土地征收补偿制度设计的路径来看,应当包括征收补偿和失地农民安置两方面内容。征收补偿是对被征地方财产损失的添补,依据的是公平原则,被征地方可以根据法定的征地补偿标准、公正的资产评估方式和评估结果维护自身的合法权益。与征收补偿制度相比,失地农民安置制度是一项社会福利制度,注重的是制度功能。在具体制度设计时,容易出现用道义责任代替法定义务的问题,使制度缺少监督机制和评估体系,尤其是在就业安置方面。在集体土地征收补偿制度设计中,引入失地农民就业保障权可以强化安置制度功能,促进失地农民合理就业。
From the point of view of the current design of compensation system for collective land acquisition, two aspects should be included: compensation for expropriation and resettlement of landless farmers. The compensation for expropriation is a supplement to the property loss of the expropriated land, based on the principle of fairness. The expropriated land can safeguard its own legal rights and interests according to the statutory standard of compensation for expropriation, the just assets appraisal method and the appraisal result. Compared with the system of expropriation and compensation, the system of resettlement of landless peasants is a social welfare system, focusing on the function of the system. In the design of specific systems, it is easy to replace the issue of legal obligation with moral obligation, so that the system lacks monitoring mechanism and evaluation system, especially in terms of employment placement. In the design of collective land expropriation compensation system, the introduction of land-expropriated farmers’ right to employment security can strengthen the function of resettlement system and promote the reasonable employment of landless peasants.