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目的了解宁夏地区2005-2010年回族与汉族不同群体学生超重、肥胖流行趋势,为制定学生肥胖防治措施提供依据。方法使用2005和2010年宁夏地区全国学生体质调研资料的数据,利用中国学龄儿童青少年超重和肥胖体质量指数(BMI)筛查标准,对7～18岁中小学生进行超重、肥胖筛查。结果汉族男生超重率2005年为7.9%,2010年为10.1%;肥胖率2005年为3.8%,2010年为5.1%。回族男生超重率2005年为4.0%,2010年为7.4%;肥胖率2005年为1.9%,2010年为4.7%。汉族女生超重率2005年为5.4%,2010年为5.7%;肥胖率2005年为1.8%,2010年为2.9%。回族女生超重率2005年为4.7%,2010年为5.9%;肥胖率2005年为1.3%,2010年为2.6%。城乡回、汉族7～12岁小学生是超重、肥胖高流行的群体。在控制了年龄、城乡、性别的影响后,2010年学生超重肥胖率高于2005年,汉族学生的超重、肥胖率高于回族学生,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.01)。结论宁夏地区城市和农村回、汉族中小学生超重和肥胖均已逐渐进入流行增长期,需要采取综合防治措施控制学生肥胖。
Objective To understand the epidemiological trend of overweight and obesity in Hui and Han nationalities in Ningxia from 2005 to 2010, and to provide evidence for the development of students’ obesity prevention and control measures. Methods According to the data from National Physical Fitness Survey of Ningxia Region in 2005 and 2010, the overweight and obesity screening of 7 to 18 year-old primary and secondary school students was carried out by using the screening scale of overweight and obesity among Chinese children of school age. Results The overweight rate of Han boys was 7.9% in 2005 and 10.1% in 2010; the obesity rate was 3.8% in 2005 and 5.1% in 2010. The overweight rate of Hui boys was 4.0% in 2005 and 7.4% in 2010; the obesity rate was 1.9% in 2005 and 4.7% in 2010. The overweight rate of Han girls was 5.4% in 2005 and 5.7% in 2010; the obesity rate was 1.8% in 2005 and 2.9% in 2010. The overweight rate of Hui girls was 4.7% in 2005 and 5.9% in 2010; the obesity rate was 1.3% in 2005 and 2.6% in 2010. Back to urban and rural areas, Han 7 to 12-year-old pupils are overweight, obese high prevalence groups. After controlling for the influence of age, urban and rural areas, and gender, the overweight and obesity rate of students in 2010 was higher than that of 2005. The overweight and obesity rates of Han students were higher than those of Hui students. The differences were statistically significant (P <0.01). Conclusion Overweight and obesity of primary and secondary school students in the urban and rural areas of Ningxia and Han have gradually entered the epidemic growth period, and comprehensive prevention and control measures need to be taken to control the students’ obesity.