论文部分内容阅读
(一)阅读下面的文字,完成1~3题。今天中国的大学制度其实是从西方引进的。大学在西方中世纪是指研究事物本质或“事物的一般概念”的机构,最初由教会掌握,因为基督教认为上帝是万物的创造者。只有研究上帝所创造的整个世界的知识的学校,才配叫做“大学”。但教会机构在学术方面要听神学学者和教授们的,所以大学对于教会和世俗政权逐渐取得了一定的独立性,形成了自治的传统。传统的大学课程是语法、逻辑、修辞,法律、医学和神学。前三门的基础课,都与上帝的“道”有关;后三门,法律相当于社会科学,医学相当于自然科学,
(A) read the following text, complete 1 to 3 questions. Today, China’s university system is actually imported from the West. The university in the Middle Ages refers to the institution that studies the essence of things or “general concepts of things,” originally held by the churches because Christians regard God as the creator of all things. Only schools that study the world-wide knowledge that God has created are called “universities.” However, since the academic institutions need to hear theological scholars and professors, the university gradually gained some independence from the church and the secular regime and formed an autonomous tradition. Traditional university courses are grammar, logic, rhetoric, law, medicine and theology. The first three basic courses are all related to God’s “Taoism.” After the third, the law is equivalent to social sciences. Medicine is equivalent to natural sciences,