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目的:探讨孕期及分娩期造成足月新生儿脑损伤的高危因素。方法:统计256例足月新生儿脑损伤发生情况,分析孕期及分娩期的高危因素。结果:256例足月儿中脑损伤45例,其中孕妇年龄≥35岁组脑损伤患儿20例占18.87%,<35岁组25例占16.67%;顺产后发生脑损伤28例占19.72%,剖宫产后17例占14.91%;产时无羊水污染发生脑损伤22例占13.17%,有羊水污染23例占25.84%;阿氏评分≥8分发生脑损伤26例占14.44%,<8分19例占25.00%。结论:脑损伤的发生与孕母的年龄及分娩方式无明显关系,与出生时羊水情况及阿氏评分有关。孕期及分娩期加强胎儿宫内监护,减少宫内缺氧及窒息的发生;对出生时羊水污染及低Apgar评分的新生儿定期评估及随访,避免不良预后的发生。
Objective: To investigate the risk factors of neonatal brain injury during term pregnancy and childbirth. Methods: The incidence of brain injury in 256 full-term neonates was counted and the risk factors during pregnancy and childbirth were analyzed. Results: Among 256 full-term infants, 45 had middle cerebral artery injury, of which 20 were 18.87% in the group of 35-year-old pregnant women, 25 in the group of 35-year-old accounted for 16.67%, 28 in the normal group were 19.72% 17 cases accounted for 14.91% after cesarean section, 22 cases (13.17%) had no amniotic fluid contamination during labor, 23 cases had amniotic fluid contamination (25.84%), 26 cases (14.44% 8 points and 19 cases accounted for 25.00%. Conclusion: The incidence of brain injury has no significant relation with the age of pregnant mothers and the mode of delivery, which is related to the amniotic fluid at birth and the Asperger score. Pregnancy and childbirth to strengthen fetal care, reduce intrauterine hypoxia and asphyxia; neonatal amniotic fluid pollution at birth and low Apgar score regular assessment and follow-up, to avoid the occurrence of adverse prognosis.