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目的了解龙泉驿区历年来麻疹流行病学特征,分析人群免疫状况及易感人群,为进一步控制麻疹在龙泉驿的流行,调整防控策略及措施提供科学依据。方法对龙泉驿区1999-2009年麻疹疫情进行描述性流行病学分析。结果龙泉驿区1999-2009年累计确诊麻疹病例169例,年平均发病率2.92/10万,无死亡病例,3～7月龄是麻疹高发季节;麻疹发病以5岁以下儿童为主,占总发病数的60.36%,以散居儿童及学生为主;近年来麻疹发病年龄趋势向0～1岁和15岁以上人群组发展,2个年龄组发病数占总发病人数的44.98%;病例中流动人口占44.37%、无免疫史或免疫史不清楚占68.64%。结论龙泉驿区麻疹发病年龄分布已逐步呈现“双向移位”现象。强化免疫是保护易感人群,进而实现控制麻疹疫情暴发的重要策略,加强对流动人口的管理以及提高麻疹疫苗接种率是控制乃至消灭麻疹的有效措施。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of measles in the Longquanyi area over the years and to analyze the population immune status and susceptible population so as to provide a scientific basis for further controlling the epidemic of measles in Longquanyi and adjusting the prevention and control strategies and measures. Methods A descriptive epidemiological analysis of the measles epidemic situation in Longquanyi District from 1999 to 2009 was conducted. Results A total of 169 measles cases were confirmed in Longquanyi District in 1999-2009, with an average annual incidence of 2.92 / lakh. There were no deaths and 3-7 months were the high incidence of measles. The incidence of measles was mainly children under 5 years old, The number of 60.36% of the population was mainly for scattered children and students. In recent years, the trend of the onset age of measles to 0-1 year old and 15 years of age group development, the incidence of the two age groups accounted for 44.98% of the total number of cases; Population accounted for 44.37%, no history of immunization or immune history is not clear accounted for 68.64%. Conclusion The age distribution of measles in Longquanyi district has been gradually showing “two-way shift ” phenomenon. Intensive immunization is an effective strategy to control and even eliminate measles because it is an important strategy to control the susceptible population and thus control the outbreak of measles. To strengthen the management of floating population and increase the measles vaccination rate is an effective measure to control or even eliminate measles.