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2016年以来,蔬菜、猪肉等生鲜农产品价格持续快速上涨,引发了社会广泛关注。从该价格实践出发,本文通过对相关影响因素的分析,得出生鲜农产品价格波动的一般性解释框架。随着收入与生鲜农产品消费持续增长,生鲜农产品消费弹性不断下降,价格上涨对消费抑制作用不断减弱,加之货币因素对生鲜农产品价格中轴的提升,导致在生鲜农产品市场运行中始终呈现出涨幅大、跌幅小的市场棘轮现象。这一非对称性的价格波动在客观上促进了生鲜农产品的产量提升与结构优化,是经济发展阶段的必然现象。因此,从政策设计角度应予以价格波动更多的宽容同时,侧重于市场信息搜集与发布。
Since 2016, prices of fresh agricultural products such as vegetables and pork have continued to rise rapidly, triggering widespread public concern. Starting from the practice of the price, this paper draws a general explanation frame of the price fluctuation of fresh agricultural products through the analysis of related factors. With the continuous growth of consumption and consumption of fresh agricultural products, the elasticity of consumption of fresh agricultural products has been declining, and the deteriorating effect of price increases on consumption has been weakened. In addition, the rising of the central axis of the prices of fresh agricultural products by monetary factors has resulted in the continuous operation of the fresh agricultural products market Showing a large increase, a small decline in ratchet market phenomenon. This asymmetrical price fluctuation objectively promotes the output and structure optimization of fresh agricultural products and is an inevitable phenomenon in the stage of economic development. Therefore, from the perspective of policy design should be more tolerance for price volatility at the same time, focusing on market information collection and distribution.