AIM: To evaluate the role of leptin in the internal disorders during hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury. METHODS: A rat model of 70% hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury was established, with groups of shamoperation (Sham), 60 min ischemia/60 min reperfusion (I60’R60’), I60’R150’, I60’R240’ and I60’R360’. Serum leptin was detected by a self-produced radioimmunoassay; serum glucose, total anti-oxidation capacity, myeloperoxidase, alanine transaminase and diamine oxidase were determined by relevant kits, while histologicalalterations and protein levels of leptin in the lung, liver and duodenum were examined by hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemistry. Spearman’s rank correlation between leptin and other variables or grading of tissue impairment were analyzed simultaneously. RESULTS: Serum leptin in I60’R360’ was significantly higher than in Sham and I60’R240’ groups (both P < 0.05), serum glucose in I60’R360’ was higher than in Sham and I60’R150’ (both P < 0.05), and serum total anti-oxidation capacity in I60’R240’ and I60’R360’ were higher than in Sham (both P < 0.05) and I60’R150’ groups (both P < 0.01). Serum myeloperoxidase in groups of I60’R240’ and I60’R360’ were lower than in I60’R150’group (both P < 0.05), serum alanine transaminase in the four reperfusion groups were higher than in the Sham group (all P < 0.05), while serum DAO in I60’R360’ was lower than in I60’R60’ (P < 0.05). Histological impairment in the lung, liver and duodenum at the early phase of this injury was more serious, but the impairment at the later phase was lessened gradually. Protein levels of leptin in the lung in the four reperfusion groups were significantly lower than in the Sham group (all P < 0.01), decreasing in the order of I60’R150’, I60’ R60’, I60’R360’ and I60’R240’; the levels in the liver in I60’R60’ and I60’R240’ were higher than in the Sham group (both P < 0.01), while the levels in I60’R240’ and I60’R360’ were lower than in I60’R60’ (both P < 0.01); the levels in duodenum in I60’R240’ and I60’R360’ were higher than in Sham, I60’R60’ and I60’R150’ (all P < 0.01), while the level in I60’R150’ was lower than in I60’ R60’ (P < 0.05). There was a significantly positive correlation between serum leptin and alanine transaminase (ρ = 0.344, P = 0.021), a significantly negative correlation between the protein level of leptin in the lung and its damage scores (ρ = -0.313, P = 0.036), and a significantly positive correlation between the protein level of leptin in the liver and its damage scores (ρ = 0.297, P = 0.047). CONCLUSION: Endogenous leptin fluctuates in he-patic ischemia/reperfusion injury, exerts a potency to rehabilitate the internal disorders and represents a potential target for supportive therapy. AIM: To evaluate the role of leptin in the internal disorders during hepatic ischemia / reperfusion injury. METHODS: A rat model of 70% hepatic ischemia / reperfusion injury was established, with groups of shamoperation (Sham), 60 min ischemia / 60 min reperfusion (I60’R60 ’), I60’R150’, I60’R240 ’and I60’R360’. Serum leptin was detected by a self-produced radioimmunoassay; serum glucose, total anti-oxidation capacity, myeloperoxidase, alanine transaminase and diamine oxidase were determined by relevant kits, while histologicalalterations and protein levels of leptin in the lung, liver and duodenum were examined by hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemistry. Spearman’s rank correlation between leptin and other variables or grading of tissue impairment were analyzed simultaneously. RESULTS: Serum leptin in I60’R360 ’was significantly higher than in Sham and I60’R240’ groups (both P <0.05), serum glucose in I60’R360 ’was higher than in Sham and I60’R150’ (both P <0.05), and serum tot al anti-oxidation capacity in I60’R240 ’and I60’R360’ were higher than in Sham (both P <0.05) and I60’R150 ’groups (both P <0.01). Serum myeloperoxidase in groups of I60’R240’ and I60 Serum alanine transaminase in the four reperfusion groups were higher than in the Sham group (all P <0.05) while serum DAO in I60’R360 ’was (all P <0.05) lower than in I60’R60 ’(P <0.05). Histological impairment in the lung, liver and duodenum at the early phase of this injury was more serious, but the impairment at the later phase was lessened gradually. Protein levels of leptin in the lung in the four reperfusion groups were significantly lower than in the Sham group (all P <0.01), decreasing in the order of I60’R150 ’, I60’ R60 ’, I60’R360’ and I60’R240 ’; the levels in the liver in I60’R60 ’and I60’R240’ were higher than in the Sham group (both P <0.01) while the levels in I60’R240 ’and I60’R360’ were lower than in I60’R60 ’(both P < 0.01); the levels induodenum in I60’R240 ’and I60’R360’ were higher than in Sham, I60’R60 ’and I60’R150’ (all P <0.01), while the level in I60’R150 ’was lower than in I60’ R60 ’( There was a significant positive correlation between serum leptin and alanine transaminase (ρ = 0.344, P = 0.021), a significant negative correlation between the protein level of leptin in the lung and its damage scores (ρ = -0.313, P = 0.036), and a significant positive correlation between the protein level of leptin in the liver and its damage scores (ρ = 0.297, P = 0.047). CONCLUSION: Endogenous leptin fluctuations in he-patic ischemia / reperfusion injury, exerts a potency to rehabilitate the internal disorders and represents a potential target for supportive therapy.