目的　探讨住院患者预防手术感染的最佳方案及用药合理性。方法　调查 1998年 12月住院患者中预防手术感染最常用的头孢唑啉、头孢曲松、舒巴坦 头孢哌酮、环丙沙星、氧氟沙星 5种共 390份病例 ,运用药物经济学成本 效果分析方法进行评价。结果　在所调查的 5种用药方案中 ,氧氟沙星是预防感染的最佳用药选择 ,其次为环丙沙星。结论　开展药物经济学分析有助于合理选药;;以最小成本获得最大效益 Objective To explore the best plan of prevention of surgical infection in hospitalized patients and its rationality. Methods A total of 390 inpatients with cefazolin, ceftriaxone, cefoperazone, sulbactam cefoperazone, ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin, which were the most commonly used in prevention of surgical infections, were investigated in December 1998. The data were analyzed using pharmacoeconomics Cost-effectiveness analysis method to evaluate. Ofloxacin was the best choice to prevent infection in the five drug regimens investigated, followed by ciprofloxacin. Conclusions To carry out pharmacoeconomic analysis is conducive to rational drug selection; to obtain the maximum benefit with minimum cost