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目的了解宁夏川区、山区不同类型健康人群白喉及破伤风抗体水平,为制定免疫策略提供依据。方法按照不同区域类型采用多阶段整群抽样选择调查对象,应用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)对健康人群白喉及破伤风Ig G抗体进行检测。结果共调查920例(川区县520例,山区县400例)。白破抗体阳性率均为川区县高于山区县(白喉:χ2=21.47,P<0.01;破伤风:χ2=11.71,P<0.01),高年龄组人群白破抗体阳性率较低,山区女性健康人群白破抗体阳性率均高于男性(白喉:χ2=48.70,P<0.01;破伤风:χ2=60.32,P<0.01),川区汉族人群白喉抗体阳性率高于回族(χ2=4.91,P<0.01),山区白破抗体阳性率均为汉族高于回族(白喉:χ2=84.58,P<0.01;破伤风:χ2=107.68,P<0.01)。结论宁夏健康人群白喉及破伤风抗体水平较低,且山区人群更为明显,随年龄的增长,免疫力衰减,易感人群数量增多,建议加强对成人,尤其是男性及回族等白破免疫抵抗力较弱人群的百白破及白破疫苗的免疫工作。
Objective To understand the levels of diphtheria and tetanus antibodies in different types of healthy population in Sichuan and mountainous areas of Ningxia and provide the evidence for the development of immunization strategies. Methods According to different regional types, multistage cluster sampling was used to select the subjects. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect diphtheria and tetanus Ig G antibodies in healthy subjects. Results A total of 920 cases were surveyed (520 cases in Sichuan District and 400 cases in Mountain County). The positive rate of white antibody was higher in Chuan district than in mountainous counties (diphtheria: χ2 = 21.47, P <0.01; tetanus: χ2 = 11.71, P <0.01) The positive rate of diphtheria antibody in female healthy population was higher than that in male (diphtheria: χ2 = 48.70, P <0.01; tetanus: χ2 = 60.32, P <0.01) , P <0.01). The positive rates of white DAB in mountain area were higher than those in Hui nationality (diphtheria: χ2 = 84.58, P <0.01; tetanus: χ2 = 107.68, P <0.01). Conclusion The levels of diphtheria and tetanus antibodies are lower in Ningxia healthy population and the population in mountainous areas is more obvious. With the increase of age, the immune system declines and the number of susceptible population increases. It is suggested that the anti-TB immunity should be strengthened in adults, especially in men and Hui nationality Weak force of Baibabandi Baitiao vaccine immunization work.