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本文探讨一种用计算机预测汽车行驶平顺性的技术。将汽车简化成十个自由度的动力学系统(包括车架弹性系统和座椅弹性系统)。用前后四个车轮的随机激励作为系统输入,用计算机求出系统中座椅上垂直振动加速度响应谱,输入的激励谱是根据采集的车轴加速度数据经计算机换算得到的有效路面谱而求得,故能反映真实情况,由此计算所得结果与汽车在道路模拟机(MTS公司产品)上试验结果不仅在频率值而且在幅值上都是能较好地吻合,说明计算方法是成功的,用计算所得座椅上垂直振动加速度均方根值与国际标准局关于人体承受振动界限的标准(ISO-2631)对照,就可得到人的承受时间,以此判断该车行驶平顺性的优劣,还可预测车身侧倾特性,故本文为设计人员在初步设计阶段预测行驶平顺性提供了一种准确而实用的方法。对其它运输机械也有参考价值。
This article explores a technique that uses computers to predict the ride comfort of a car. Simplify the car into a ten-degree-of-freedom kinematic system (including frame-based and seat-elastic systems). Using the random excitation of the four wheels before and after as the system input, the vertical vibration acceleration response spectrum of the seat in the system is calculated by computer. The input excitation spectrum is obtained from the calculated effective road surface spectrum obtained from computer based on the collected axle acceleration data. So it can reflect the real situation. The calculated result is in good agreement with the test result of the car on the road simulator (MTS product) not only in the frequency value but also in the amplitude, indicating that the calculation method is successful. Calculating the rms value of the vertical vibration acceleration of the seat and the ISO-2631 standard of the International Bureau of Standards can calculate the bearing time of the person and judge the ride comfort of the car, But also predict the roll characteristics of the body, so this article provides an accurate and practical method for designers to predict ride comfort in the preliminary design stage. Other transport machinery also has reference value.