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目的掌握云南省华宁县健康人群麻疹疫苗接种率和麻疹IgG的抗体水平,探索免疫薄弱环节,为提高该县免疫规划工作提供科学依据。方法采取分层整群抽样方法,在华宁县辖区内随机抽取9个接种点,分8个年龄组(8~17和18~23月龄,2~3、4~5、6~9、10~13、14~17和≥18岁)进行麻疹疫苗接种率调查和麻疹IgG抗体水平检测,每个年龄组40~50人,共检测394人。采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测血清中的麻疹IgG抗体水平。结果调查的394人中麻疹疫苗接种率为85.53%,有效保护率为85.02%,抗体阳性率为98.48%,GMT为1∶643;不同接种点麻疹疫苗接种有效保护率、GMT差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);各年龄组间麻疹疫苗接种率、抗体阳性率、有效保护率、GMT差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),低龄组相对较低。结论华宁县健康人群麻疹疫苗接种已取得理想的免疫效果,但须进一步提高低龄组婴儿及时接种率,关注流动儿童和大龄儿童,特别是非免疫规划人群的保护。
Objective To understand the measles vaccination rate and antibody level of measles IgG in healthy population in Huaying County of Yunnan Province and to explore immunological weak links in order to provide a scientific basis for improving immunization planning in this county. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 9 inoculation points in Huaning county area randomly. There were 8 age groups (8-17 and 18-23 months old, 2 ~ 3,4 ~ 5,6 ~ 9,10 ~ 13,14 ~ 17 and ≥ 18 years old) to investigate measles vaccination rate and measles IgG antibody level, each age group 40 ~ 50 people, a total of 394 people were detected. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect measles IgG levels in serum. Results The measles vaccination rate was 85.53%, the effective protection rate was 85.02%, the antibody positive rate was 98.48% and the GMT was 1: 643 among the 394 surveyed persons. The effective protection rate of measles vaccination at different vaccination sites was statistically significant (P <0.01). The measles vaccination rate, the antibody positive rate, the effective protection rate and the GMT difference among all age groups were all statistically significant (P <0.01), while those in the younger age group were relatively lower. Conclusion The measles vaccination of healthy population in Huaning County has achieved the desired immunization effect. However, it is necessary to further improve the prompt vaccination rate of infants in the younger age group, and pay more attention to the protection of migrant children and older children, especially non-immune plan population.