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十三、十四世纪之交,以蒙古军事贵族为主体,创建了横跨亚欧的巨大军政联合体——蒙元帝国,对多民族的领土国家实施有效的政治管理。其间,其法治运作经历了三大发展阶段:1.蒙古汗国时期。从成吉思汗(铁木真)到忽必烈,统治集团以军事征战、开疆拓土为主要任务,国家政治生活以“军事裁决”为主,社会管理以“蒙古大札撒”为依准,同时认可被统一的各地区(漠北、中亚、西夏、金)之原有的习惯法或成文法,呈现出法治多元化的局面。2.元代前期与中期。从忽必烈建立元政权、定都大都(今北京)起,历成、武、仁、英各朝(公元1271—1324年),是元代法治趋于统一并成熟的阶
At the turn of the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, with the military aristocrats in Mongolia as the main body, a huge military and government complex across Asia and Europe, the Mongolian Empire, has been established and effective political management of the territorial countries of the multi-ethnic nation has been established. In the meantime, the operation of the rule of law has experienced three major stages of development: 1. Mongolian Khanate period. From Genghis Khan (Temujin) to Kublai Khan, the ruling group took the military campaign and opened up the territory as the main task. The political life of the country was dominated by “military rulings” and social management was dominated by " As the standard of law, while recognizing the original customary or statutory laws of the unified regions (Mobei, Central Asia, Xixia, Jin) and showing the diversification of the rule of law. The early and middle Yuan Dynasty. Since Kublai Khan established the Yuan regime, most of the capital (now Beijing), the rivalry of Li, Kwu, Ren, and Ying Dynasties (AD 1271-1324) is the stage of unification and maturity of the rule of law in the Yuan Dynasty