目的探讨三维球体胎盘来源间充质干细胞(MSCs)移植对大鼠缺血再灌注损伤脑组织Nogo-A及其受体NgR表达的影响。方法大鼠随机分为假手术组(Sham组)、溶剂对照组(Vehicle组)及治疗组(MSCs组),后两组应用线栓法制备大脑中动脉缺血模型,缺血2h后拔除鱼线再灌注,1d后MSCs组注射三维球体MSCs,Vehicle组注射等量培养液;移植后1、3、7d测定大鼠神经运动功能,取脑组织,应用RT-PCR法、蛋白质印迹法检测Nogo-A、NgR mRNA及蛋白表达。结果与Vehicle组相比,MSCs组大鼠7d神经运动功能有明显改善(P<0.05);移植后1、3、7d MSCs组Nogo-A、NgR mRNA及蛋白水平均较Vehicle组降低(P<0.05)。结论三维球体MSCs移植可改善脑缺血再灌注后神经运动功能,其机制可能与下调脑组织Nogo-A及其受体NgR水平有关。 Objective To investigate the effects of three-dimensional spheroplast-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) transplantation on the expression of Nogo-A and its receptor NgR in rat brain after ischemia-reperfusion injury. Methods The rats were randomly divided into Sham group, Vehicle group and treatment group (MSCs group). The latter two groups were given middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) After 1-day reperfusion, MSCs were injected with three-dimensional spheres MSCs and vehicle group were injected with equal volume of culture solution. Neurological function was measured at 1, 3 and 7 days after transplantation. Brain tissue was harvested from the MSCs. RT- PCR and Western blotting were used to detect Nogo -A, NgR mRNA and protein expression. Results Compared with Vehicle group, the neurological function of MSCs group was significantly improved on the 7th day (P <0.05). Compared with Vehicle group, the Nogo-A and NgR mRNA and protein levels of MSCs group decreased on the 1st, 3rd and 7th day after transplantation (P < 0.05). Conclusion Three-dimensional spheroid MSCs transplantation can improve neuronal motor function after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, and its mechanism may be related to down-regulation of brain Nogo-A and its receptor NgR.