果树辐射育种的优点是可以缩短果树的育种年限。常规育种一般需要15—20年培育一个品种,而辐射育种仅需5—6年;此外辐射处理能够改变原品种的某一、二个性状,而其它性状基本不变。为了使苹果和梨的一些优良品种的一、二个不良性状得到改善,使之更符合内销、外贸的需要,我们从1973年起,采用射线处理接穗随后进行高接的方法,开始了此项育种工作。在选育品种的同时,对诱变辐照量、形态畸变、体细胞突变的分离、有利变异的鉴定等进行了初步研究。 The advantage of fruit tree radiation breeding is that it can shorten the breeding time of fruit trees. Conventional breeding usually takes 15-20 years to cultivate a variety, while radiation breeding only 5-6 years; In addition, radiation treatment can change one or two traits of the original species, while other traits remain basically unchanged. In order to improve one or two bad traits of some fine varieties of apple and pear to make them more in line with the needs of domestic sales and foreign trade, we started this project by using rays to deal with scion followed by high pick-up from 1973 Breeding work. In the same time breeding varieties, mutagenicity irradiation, morphological changes, the separation of somatic mutations, identification of favorable mutation were studied.