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[目的]通过对民航飞行员高血压患病情况及危险因素进行分析,旨在为飞行员高血压等常见病的防治提供依据和技术支撑。[方法]2011年按照民航总局飞行员健康检查标准,对我国部分民航飞行员常规健康检查,并对血压水平进行测量,分析不同组间高血压患病分布,并应用logistic回归分析探索危险因素。[结果]在18 230名飞行员中,有904人患高血压,患病率为4.96%。不同年龄、性别、国籍、体质指数(BMI)、工种、高血压家族史和总飞行时间的飞行员高血压患病率不同。通过logistic回归分析,民航飞行员高血压患病的危险因素有年龄(OR=2.597)、性别(OR=1.290)、高血压家族史(OR=4.333)、BMI(OR=2.252)、工种(OR=1.377)、总飞行时间(OR=1.377)、总胆固醇(OR=1.178)、低密度脂蛋白(OR=1.304)和空腹血糖(OR=2.064)。[结论]对年龄较大、有高血压家族史、超重或肥胖、工种为驾驶员或机械员、总飞行时间较长并且体内总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白和空腹血糖值异常的民航飞行员应加强高血压的干预工作。
[Objective] By analyzing the prevalence and risk factors of hypertension in civil aviation pilots, this study aims to provide the basis and technical support for the prevention and treatment of common diseases such as pilots’ hypertension. [Methods] In 2011, according to the standards of pilots’ health check of CAAC, routine civil examinations were conducted on some civil aviation pilots in our country. The blood pressure levels were measured. The prevalence of hypertension in different groups was analyzed. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the risk factors. [Results] Of the 18 230 pilots, 904 were hypertensive with a prevalence of 4.96%. The prevalence of hypertension among pilots varied with age, gender, nationality, body mass index (BMI), type of work, family history of hypertension, and total time of flight. Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors of hypertension in civil aviation pilots were age (OR = 2.597), sex (OR = 1.290), family history of hypertension (OR = 4.333), BMI 1.377), total time of flight (OR = 1.377), total cholesterol (OR = 1.178), low density lipoprotein (OR = 1.304) and fasting blood glucose (OR = 2.064). [Conclusion] Civil aviation pilots who have a longer total flight time and have abnormal total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, and fasting blood glucose levels should be strengthened for those with older family history of hypertension, overweight or obesity, drivers or mechanics, Hypertensive intervention.