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本文根据2011年5月至9月对全国22省(自治区、直辖市)76村1050户农户的调查数据,从微观的角度,对林改政策的村庄实践态势,以及给农户和林区带来的经济和社会成效为考察重点进行评估。调查显示,近七成的农户领到林权证,九成以上村民是村庄林改的决策主体。经新一轮林改的重新确权,样本户的承包山总面积累计有10%左右的增加。林改后农户对林业投入和林业产生的收入均有所增加,社会资本向林业产业聚集,非公资本造林比例上升,七成五以上农民表示滥砍滥伐现象下降。此外,数据显示,林改第二阶段改革开始取得一定成果,林下经济初步发展,方式多种多样;抵押贷款与资产评估兴起并日益壮大;森林保险社会需求旺盛。最后,配套改革政策制定和执行需要进一步加强,农民期盼政策长期稳定。
Based on the survey data of 1050 households in 76 villages of 22 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) in China from May to September 2011, from the microscopic point of view, this paper analyzes the village practices and the impacts brought by the forest reform policies on farmers and forest areas Economic and social achievements for the study focus on assessment. Surveys show that nearly 70% of farmers receive forest tenure certificates, and over 90% of villagers are the main body of decision-making in village forest reform. After a new round of forest reform to re-determine the total sample of the contract mountain total area of about 10% increase. After the forest reform, farmers’ incomes from forestry investment and forestry increased. Social capital gathered with the forestry industry. The proportion of non-public capital afforestation increased. More than 75% of farmers said that the phenomenon of deforestation and deforestation declined. In addition, the data show that the second phase of forest reform reform has begun to achieve some results, the initial economic development under the forest, a variety of ways; mortgage loans and asset assessment and the growing rise of strong demand for forest insurance society. Finally, the formulation and implementation of supporting reform policies need to be further strengthened and peasants look forward to the long-term stability of their policies.