从工程灾害到社会灾害长期以来,房屋、建筑物破坏等造成的工程损失一直是地震灾害损失中最主要的部分,也是地震学中研究较多的一个重点,但随着城市化的发展,地震损失越来越不限于工程损失,商业中断、社会功能瘫痪、信息丢失等非工程 From engineering disasters to social disasters for a long time, the engineering losses caused by the destruction of houses and buildings have always been the most important part of the earthquake disaster losses and the focus of more researches in seismology. However, with the development of urbanization, earthquakes Loss is more and more limited to loss of works, business interruption, paralysis of social functions, loss of information and other non-engineering