给出一种用全息干涉显微法测量自聚焦棒透镜折射率分布的测量原理、测量结果和误差分析.这种方法具有测量精度高、视场大、数据处理简单和放大倍数连续可调等优点. A measurement principle, measurement results and error analysis of the refractive index distribution of self-focusing rod lens by holographic interference microscopy are given. This method has such advantages as high measurement accuracy, large field of view, simple data processing and continuously adjustable magnification advantage.