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——用三种仪器技术的五种不同分析方法研究了沿岸海水中痕量金属含量的测定。用同位素稀释火花源质谱法,石墨炉原子吸收分光光度法,离子交换和螯合溶剂萃取预富集电子耦合等离子发射光谱法或直接用石墨炉原子吸收分光光度法核对了所得结果。比较不同分析方法对应的数据是考验这些方法合理性的实用办法,增高所得结果的可信度,在缺乏标准参考物时尤其适用。——测定海水中的痕量元素有很大的困难(1)。对极低浓度分析物(0.02—10毫克/升)定量由于伴有3.5％溶解固体组成的基体,从而对仪器技术提出了许多要求。设计的很多样品制备方案均要求预富集痕量元素以及在分析前把痕量元素从主要干扰成分中分出(1—7)。所有这些方法必定要增加样品的处理手续、试剂以及容器表面与样品接触所引进的不可接受的高的和(或)随机的操作空白。由于缺乏标准参考物,这些问题更加严重。因为标准参考物可检查诸如样品处理过程中引入沾污分析物质的损失以及基体或光谱干扰等对仪器响应的影响等系统误差。为减小这种误差,合理的措施是用各种不同的分析方法测定每个分析物,因为不同的分析方法不会遇到相同的干扰。这样,在不同方法的相应值中一定蕴含着样品中分析物浓度的一个可靠的估计真实值为此在进行沿岸海水中镉、锌、铅、铁、锰、铜、镍、钻、铬的分析时,用离子交换或螯合—溶剂萃取法预富集痕量金属属,并直接用石墨炉原子吸收法分析后,接着采用同位素稀释火花源质谱法(IDSSMS)。石墨炉原子吸收光谱法(GFAAS)以及电感耦合等离子发射光谱法(ICPES)进行了分析。本文对这种处理法的固有优点进行了讨论。
Determination of Trace Metal in Coastal Sea Water by Five Different Analytical Methods Using Three Instrument Technologies. The results were verified by isotope dilution spark mass spectrometry, graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry, ion exchange and chelating solvent extraction preconcentration electron coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry or directly by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Comparing data from different analytical methods is a practical way to test the rationality of these methods, increasing the credibility of the results obtained, especially in the absence of a standard reference. Determination of trace elements in seawater has great difficulties (1). Quantification of very low concentrations of analyte (0.02-10 mg / l) There are many requirements for instrumentation technology due to the matrix with 3.5% dissolved solids. Many sample preparation designs have been designed to pre-enrich trace elements and to separate trace elements from major interfering components prior to analysis (1-7). All of these methods must increase the sample handling procedures, reagents, and unacceptably high and / or random operating margins introduced by the container surface contact with the sample. These problems are exacerbated by the lack of a standard reference. This is because the standard reference can be used to check for system errors such as the loss of contaminated analytes introduced during sample processing and the effects on the instrument response such as substrate or spectral interference. To reduce this error, it is reasonable to measure each analyte in a variety of different analytical ways because different analytical methods do not experience the same interference. Thus, the corresponding values for the different methods must contain a reliable, true estimate of the analyte concentration in the sample for this analysis of the cadmium, zinc, lead, iron, manganese, copper, nickel, drill chrome and chromium in coastal waters , Trace metal species were preconcentrated by ion exchange or chelate-solvent extraction and analyzed directly by graphite furnace atomic absorption followed by isotope dilution spark mass spectrometry (IDSSMS). Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICPES). This article discusses the inherent advantages of this approach.