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目的评价某汽车、摩托车用铸锻毛坯件生产制造项目职业病危害控制效果,提出防治对策,保护劳动者健康。方法采用现场职业卫生学调查、工作场所职业病危害因素检测和检查表等方法进行综合分析评价。结果检测生产性粉尘、物理及化学性有害因素共16种,其中粉尘5种,定点检测60个点位,个体检测27个岗位,合格率100%。检测化学毒物5种,共计30个点位,检测合格率均为100%。噪声定点检测60个点位,合格率48.3%;噪声个体检测56个岗位,合格率为23.2%。高温、工频电场、紫外线、照度、X射线、空气比释动能率的检测合格率均为100%。结论噪声是该建设项目的主要职业病危害因素,且危害程度严重,应通过工程技术改造,采取有效的职业病危害防护措施加以控制。
Objective To evaluate the effect of control of occupational hazards on the manufacturing of castings and forgings from a certain automobile and motorcycle and put forward the prevention and control measures to protect the health of laborers. Methods The methods of on-the-spot occupational hygiene investigation, workplace occupational hazards detection and checklist were used to make a comprehensive analysis and evaluation. Results There were 16 kinds of productive dust, physical and chemical harmful factors detected, including 5 kinds of dust, 60 spots were detected by fixed point and 27 were detected by individual. The pass rate was 100%. Five kinds of chemical toxins were detected, a total of 30 spots, the test pass rate was 100%. The spot detection of noise was 60 points, with a pass rate of 48.3%. There were 56 different positions detected with noise, with a pass rate of 23.2%. High-temperature, power frequency electric field, ultraviolet, illumination, X-ray, air kerma rate of the test pass rate was 100%. Conclusion Noise is the main occupational hazard factor of the construction project, and the degree of harm is serious. It should be controlled through the engineering and technical transformation and effective protective measures against occupational hazards.