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阴离子在生物、化学化工及环境领域扮演着极其重要的角色,对阴离子的高灵敏度、高选择性识别与传感已成为研究的热点.其中,反应型化学传感器是基于传感器与客体分子之间的特殊化学反应而实现的,通过巧妙地设计分子结构,将反应活性基团与荧光团或发色团结合起来,利用反应前后化合物光物理性质的不同,可以实现对被分析物的检测.这种不可逆体系充分利用了化学反应的专一性,因此通常具有较好的选择性.自1992年被首次报道以来,反应型化学传感器的应用越来越广泛,并表现出优秀的传感性能.综述了基于化学反应的荧光和比色阴离子传感器的研究进展,包括氰离子、氟离子、亚硫酸氢根、硫氢根离子、次氯酸及次氯酸根、次溴酸及次溴酸根、过氧亚硝酸根传感器的研究进展,并展望了该领域的发展趋势.
Anions play an important role in the fields of biology, chemistry, chemistry and the environment. High sensitivity and high selectivity for the recognition and sensing of anions have become the focus of research. Among them, reactive chemical sensors are based on the relationship between the sensor and guest molecules Special chemical reactions to achieve, through the clever design of the molecular structure, the reactive groups and fluorophores or chromophores combine the use of compounds before and after the light of different physical properties of the analyte can be detected Irreversible systems, which take full advantage of the specificity of chemical reactions, are generally more selective and have been used more and more extensively since 1992 when they were first reported, and show excellent sensing performance. Recent advances in fluorescence and colorimetric anion sensors based on chemical reactions include cyanide, fluoride, bisulfite, thiocyanate, hypochlorous and hypochlorite, hypobromous and hypobromite, The research progress of nitrite sensor and the development trend in this field are prospected.