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成语是一种约定俗成的特殊的固定词组,它具有意义的整体性和结构的凝固性两个特点,使用时一般不能随意改变其意义和结构。但有时出于表达的需要,又可以因地制宜灵活运用。成语的活用常见的有以下几种情况。 一、实解字义。即按照成语的字面意义来理解,临时赋予成语以原来不曾有的新义。例如: 在一个座谈会上,有几位同志为鬼戏鸣不平,说是神戏上演了,所谓妖也上舞台了,唯独鬼戏未见登台。一位同志脱口而出:“这叫做‘神出鬼没’。”(《文汇报》1979年2月10日第4版) “神出鬼没”的本意是“出没无常,捉摸不定”。这里偏偏不从成语的整体性意义去理解,而
Idiom is a conventionally defined special fixed phrase, which has the characteristics of the unity of meaning and structure of the two characteristics of the coagulation, the use of the general can not freely change its meaning and structure. But sometimes out of the need for expression, but also can be flexible use of local conditions. The idioms of the common use of the following situations. First, the real meaning of words. That is, in accordance with the literal meaning of idioms to understand, temporarily give idioms have never had a new meaning. For example: At a symposium, several comrades giggled ghost drama, saying that God played, the so-called demon also took the stage, but the ghost scene was not seen on the stage. A comrade blurted out: “This is called” a ghost. “(Wen Wei Po, February 10, 1979, 4th edition) The original idea of” ghost “is” infallible and unpredictable. " It does not mean here to understand the whole meaning of idioms