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2002年,中国经济远好于预期,全年GDP增长8%;价格水平低位运行,居民消费价格同比下降0.8%;消费需求稳定增长,固定资产投资和出口的快速增长是推动经济增长加速的重要力量;一、二、三产业同步增长,农业生产平稳,工业生产快速增长;利用外资居世界首位。中国人民银行根据党中央、国务院的总体部署,继续执行稳健的货币政策:一是加大公开市场操作力度,适时调节基础货币投放;二是灵活运用利率手段,稳步推进利率市场化改革;三是运用信贷政策,促进经济结构调整,积极支持中小企业、农业发展,扩大消费信贷;四是积极推进货币市场制度建设;五是发挥货币政策促进改革、维护金融与社会稳定的作用;六是货币政策实施的透明度进一步提高。 2002年,货币供应量增速加快,适应经济发展的需要。2002年末广义货币M_2余额18.5万亿元,同比增长16.8%;狭义货币M_1余额7.1万亿元,同比增长16.8%。金融机构贷款增加较多,贷款质量明显提高。全部金融机构人民币贷款增加18475亿元,同比多增6036亿元;金融机构不良贷款额比上年减少951亿元,不良贷款率下降4.5个百分点。企业存款快速增长,居民储蓄存款大量增加。金融机构本外币存款余额达18.3万亿元,比上年末增加2.87万亿元,其中人民币储蓄存款余额8.7万亿元,增加13233亿元。国际收支形势良好,年末国家外汇储备余额2864亿美元,人民币汇率为1美元兑8.2773元人民币,继续保持稳定。 2003年是全面建设小康社会的第一年,搞好2003年的经济和金融工作具有重要意义。根据中央经济工作会议精神,预计2003年国内生产总值增长7%左右,居民消费物价总水平上涨1%左右,M_2、M_1增长16%左右,现金投放1500亿元,金融机构贷款增加大约18000亿元。 2003年要继续实行稳健的货币政策,保持政策的连续性和稳定性,加强预调和微调。充分发挥金融支持经济增长的重要作用:一是完善和运用多种货币政策工具,保持货币信贷适度增长;二是保持利率、汇率政策的基本稳定,稳步推进利率市场化改革;三是继续实施信贷政策,支持经济结构调整;四是加强信贷管理,密切关注一些地区房地产投资与贷款增长过快的问题,严格执行房地产信贷业务的有关规定,防范房地产信贷的潜在风险;五是大力发展货币市场,优化金融资源配置。
In 2002, China’s economy was far better than expected, with an annual GDP growth of 8%; low price levels and a decrease of 0.8% in consumer prices; a steady growth in consumer demand; the rapid growth of fixed asset investment and exports was an important factor in accelerating economic growth The first, second and third industries are growing at a steady pace with stable agricultural production and rapid industrial growth. The utilization of foreign investment ranks first in the world. The People’s Bank of China continued to implement prudent monetary policies in line with the overall deployment of the Central Party Committee and the State Council: First, to increase open market operations and timely adjustments to the base currency; secondly, to make flexible use of interest rates to steadily push forward marketization of interest rates; thirdly, Use credit policies to promote economic restructuring, actively support the development of SMEs and agriculture and expand consumer credit; fourth, actively promote the construction of the monetary market system; fifth, play the role of monetary policy to promote reforms and safeguard financial and social stability; and sixth, monetary policy The transparency of implementation is further enhanced. In 2002, the money supply growth accelerated, to meet the needs of economic development. At the end of 2002, the balance of broad money M_2 was 18.5 trillion yuan, up 16.8% over the same period of last year. The narrow money M_1 was 7.1 trillion yuan, up 16.8% over the same period of last year. Loans to financial institutions increased more and loan quality improved significantly. The RMB loans of all financial institutions increased by 1.4875 trillion yuan, an increase of 603.6 billion yuan over the same period of last year. The non-performing loans of financial institutions decreased by 95.1 billion yuan over the previous year and the non-performing loan ratio decreased by 4.5 percentage points. The rapid growth of corporate deposits, a substantial increase in household savings deposits. The balance of local and foreign currency deposits of financial institutions reached 18.3 trillion yuan, an increase of 2.87 trillion yuan over the previous year, of which the balance of RMB savings deposits was 8.7 trillion yuan, an increase of 1,332.3 billion yuan. The balance of payments situation was good with the balance of foreign exchange reserves stood at 286.4 billion U.S. dollars at the end of the year. The exchange rate of Renminbi against the U.S. dollar stood at 8.2773 yuan against the U.S. dollar and remained stable. 2003 is the first year of building an overall well-to-do society. It is of great significance to do a good job in the economic and financial work in 2003. According to the spirit of the Central Economic Work Conference, the gross domestic product is expected to grow by about 7% in 2003 and the overall consumer price index will rise by about 1%. M_2 and M_1 will increase by about 16%. Cash will be injected by 150 billion yuan and loans by financial institutions will increase by about 1.8 trillion yuan. yuan. In 2003, we will continue to implement prudent monetary policies, maintain the continuity and stability of our policies, and enhance pre-adjustment and fine-tuning. Give full play to the important role of financial support for economic growth: First, improve and use a variety of monetary policy tools to maintain moderate growth of monetary credit; second, maintain the basic stability of interest rates and exchange rate policies and steadily push forward marketization of interest rates; third, continue to implement credit Policies and support for economic restructuring; Fourth, strengthen credit management and pay close attention to the excessive growth of real estate investment and loans in some areas, strictly enforce the relevant provisions of the real estate credit business and guard against the potential risks of real estate credit. Fifth, vigorously develop the money market, Optimize the allocation of financial resources.