在全面推动素质教育的今天,要求教师“以促进学生的发展”为教学活动的中心,要达到这个目标,教师在备课中不仅要考虑围绕教学目标如何教,而且要考虑学生如何学习,既要关注知识的传授,又要关注学生的情感、态度、价值观。学生的现实情况是教学活动的基本出发点,但是如何才能有效地备学生呢? In the comprehensive promotion of quality education today, requiring teachers to “promote the development of students ” as the center of teaching activities, to achieve this goal, teachers in the lesson preparation not only to consider how to teach around the teaching objectives, but also to consider how students learn, It is necessary to pay attention to the impartment of knowledge, but also concerned about the students’ emotions, attitudes, values. The reality of students is the basic starting point for teaching activities, but how to effectively prepare students?