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就业问题是一个社会问题当一个国家或地区的产业结构失衡、经济政策失调时,就会出现就业不足,即使不培养大学生也会出现失业问题。目前的就业压力原因之一是宏观经济不景气,即由于我国经济进入产品相对过剩的阶段,国内总需求相对不旺,导致生产能力利用不足从而就业吸纳不充分。从这一点来看,扩招是从时间上把就业“瓶颈”推后了,并且提高了待业者的素质。因为市场经济有经济增长的周期性,把昨天的就业压力延迟到今天或明天,可以为宏观经济恢复赢得时间。就业矛盾客观存在。当前就业形势比较严峻,我国面临着城镇新增劳动力就业、农民进城打工和下岗失业人员再就业“三峰叠加”的局面,而社会整体就业岗位没有明显增加的趋势,2001年劳动力供大于需产生就业缺口1400万,因此高校毕业生就业形势不容乐观。虽然中国目前的就业压力有劳动力需求与供给在总量上不相吻合的问题,同时结构上的问题也很突出,这些因素对毕业生就业产生了直接影响。
Employment problem is a social problem When the industrial structure in a country or region is unbalanced and the economic policy is out of balance, there will be underemployment. Unemployment will occur even if college students are not cultivated. One of the reasons for the current employment pressure is the sluggish macroeconomic situation. That is, due to the relative surplus of China's economy in the product stage, the overall domestic demand is relatively weak, leading to insufficient utilization of productive capacity and insufficient employment absorption. From this point of view, the expansion of enrollment has pushed back the employment bottleneck and raised the quality of the unemployed. Because the market economy has a cyclical nature of economic growth, postponing yesterday's employment pressure to today or tomorrow can win time for macroeconomic recovery. Objection to employment objectively exists. At present, the employment situation is grim. Our country faces the situation of new labor force employed by cities and towns, migrant workers working in cities and reemployment of laid-off workers. However, there is no obvious increase in overall employment in the society. In 2001, labor force was greater than Employment gap needs to produce 14 million, so the employment situation of college graduates is not optimistic. Although the current employment pressure in China has the total amount of labor demand and supply do not match, structural problems are also prominent, these factors have a direct impact on the employment of graduates.