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为探索淬火-分配(Q-P)工艺和分级淬火-分配(S-Q-P)工艺对中高碳钢力学性能的提升作用,对两种中高碳硅锰钢分别进行淬火-回火(Q-T)、Q-P和S-Q-P工艺处理。用拉伸试验机测定抗拉强度和断后伸长率,利用XRD测定残留奥氏体体积分数用SEM分析微观组织。力学性能试验结果显示,与传统的Q-T和当前流行的Q-P工艺相比经S-Q-P处理后钢的综合力学性能显著优化。特别是当含硅量较高时,S-Q-P处理后的中高碳硅锰钢强塑积比Q-T处理后提高3倍以上。微观组织分析表明,S-Q-P处理过程中碳分配过程更加充分,其中的硅元素起到抑制贝氏体竞争反应的作用,因而中高碳硅锰钢经S-Q-P处理后表现出很好的综合力学性能。此外,Q-P工艺对中高碳硅锰钢综合力学性能的改善作用不明显,可能是由于其中发生大量竞争反应,产生贝氏体组织所致。
In order to explore the effect of QP and SQP on the mechanical properties of medium and high carbon steels, the two medium and high carbon Si-Mn steels were respectively subjected to quenching-tempering (QT), QP and SQP processes deal with. Tensile strength and elongation at break were measured with a tensile tester, and retained austenite volume fraction was measured by XRD. The microstructure was analyzed by SEM. The results of mechanical properties test show that the mechanical properties of steel after S-Q-P treatment are significantly optimized compared with the traditional Q-T and the current popular Q-P process. Especially when the content of silicon is high, the S-Q-P high-carbon silicon-manganese steels have a strong plastic product which is more than 3 times higher than that of Q-T. The results of microstructure analysis show that the carbon distribution process is more adequate in S-Q-P treatment, in which the silicon element plays a role in inhibiting bainite competitive reaction. Therefore, the S-Q-P medium-high carbon Si-Mn steel shows good comprehensive mechanical properties. In addition, the Q-P process has no obvious effect on improving the comprehensive mechanical properties of medium and high carbon Si-Mn steels, which may be due to the large amount of competition reaction and bainite production.