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通过引入区位熵的方法,构建生猪养殖产业集聚演化的环境效应模型,旨在从理论层面揭示出生猪养殖污染本身的特殊性和内在的规律性。以嘉兴市辖区为样本的研究表明,生猪养殖污染集聚程度与生猪养殖产业集聚程度存在的倒U型曲线关系,本质上是生产的环境负外部性效应,以及对其实施纠正措施的演化轨迹。生猪养殖生产的环境负外部性效应曲线在污染治理政策的作用下,随着产业集聚程度的提高由向右上方倾斜而逐渐向下弯曲;在受到耕地资源约束时,会向上平移;在因下弯而减轻的污染集聚程度被因上移而增加的污染集聚程度所抵消并盖过时,污染治理政策则有可能是失效的。因此,生猪养殖污染治理政策的实施,必须将城镇化推进所引起的耕地资源的变化考虑在内。
By introducing the method of location entropy, the environmental effect model of the clustering evolvement of pig breeding industry was constructed to reveal the peculiarity and internal regularity of the pig breeding pollution itself theoretically. The study of Jiaxing city area as a sample shows that the inverted U-shaped curve exists between the level of agglomeration of pig breeding and agglomeration of pig farming industry, which is essentially the negative externality effect of production and the evolution trajectory of corrective measures. Under the action of pollution control policies, the curve of environment negative externality effect of pig production will be gradually bent downward from the upper right as the degree of industrial agglomeration increases. When it is constrained by cultivated land resources, it will shift upward. Pollution control policies are likely to be ineffective when the degree of pollution reduction due to bends is offset and overshadowed by the increased levels of pollution accumulation due to the upward movement. Therefore, the implementation of pig breeding pollution control policies must take into account changes in cultivated land resources caused by urbanization.