羰基衍生物的水解反应和水合反应是按亲核加成机理进行的.所以,羰基碳原子的亲电性对反应的难易起决定作用.一、原子电荷判据文献中常以电子电荷较少作为原子亲电性的度量.如苯环上的亲核取代反应就是这样解释的.对羰基衍生物,我们选取了:甲酰胺、甲醛、甲酰氟及乙烯脲、一硝基乙烯脲、二硝基乙烯脲两个模型分子系列进行讨论.它们的亲水性次序分别是: Carbonyl derivatives hydrolysis and hydration reaction is based on the mechanism of nucleophilic addition, so the carbonyl carbon electrophilicity of the reaction difficult to play a decisive role.A, the atomic charge criterion literature often less electronic charge As a measure of the electrophilicity of atoms, such as the nucleophilic substitution reaction on the benzene ring is explained as follows. For the carbonyl derivatives, we selected: formamide, formaldehyde, formyl fluoride and ethylene urea, mononitro ethylene urea, Nitroethylene urea two model molecules are discussed in the sequence of their hydrophilicity are: