通过对中高级学生上课时以及课下交流时使用汉语的观察,整理出一些中高级学生常见的表达偏误,主要是语音和语法的偏误。造成这些偏误的主要原因是:母语负迁移以及所学的有限的目的语知识的干扰。针对偏误形成的原因,为了防止学生“化石化”现象的形成,建议教师在第一次讲解这些易出现的偏误时采用讲练结合、重点练习的方法来进行教学。 Through the observation of senior and middle-school students in class and during the course of class-time exchanges, some common errors in expression of senior students, mainly voice and grammar errors, are sorted out. The main reasons for these errors are: the negative transfer of mother tongue and the limited knowledge of target language learned. In order to prevent the formation of students “fossilization ” phenomenon, it is suggested that teachers use the method of combining teaching with practice and focusing on practice to teach for the first time to explain these prone errors.